Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
type: channel
description: Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship The Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship is a student-edited legal publication dedicated to examining the legal, regulatory, and policy issues that shape business activity and entrepreneurial innovation. The Journal publishes high-quality scholarship from academics, legal practitioners, policymakers, and students on topics including corporate governance, startups, venture capital, securities regulation, intellectual property, technology law, and economic development. Committed to rigorous legal analysis and practical relevance, the Journal serves as a forum for advancing dialogue at the intersection of law and business. By highlighting emerging trends and fostering interdisciplinary perspectives, the Journal contributes to the development of legal frameworks that support innovation, ethical business practices, and sustainable economic growth.
publisher: Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
language: en-US
publication name: Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
issn: 1540-3270
items: Examining the Relationship between Training and Development Practices and Employee Performance in Private Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement
items: Strategic Branding and Consumer Purchase Intention: An Empirical Analysis of the Mediating Role of Brand Image
items: Sustainable Marketing and Green Consumerism: Economic Implications
items: NLP-Based Trust Signal Detection from 360-Degree Narrative Feedback Using Fine-Tuned BERT and Behavioral Authenticity Analysis
items: Live Streaming Commerce and Consumer Behaviour: A Systematic Review of Emerging Digital Retail Dynamics
items: Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Circular Economy: An Integrated Dynamic Capability Framework for Innovation, Organizational Resilience, and Long-Term Value Creation
items: NEP-2020 and Outcome Based Education: A New Direction for Indian Universities
items: Driving a Sustainable Tomorrow: Mobilising Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behaviour through GHRM Practices
items: Influence of Consumer Ordering Behaviour on Restaurant Performance through Online Food Delivery Platforms: A Study of Bengaluru City
items: ESG Disclosure and Cost of Capital in Indian Maharatna CPSEs: Evidence on WACC and Debt Pricing Using BRSR-Based ESG Index
items: Calibrating Brand Awareness of Pharmaceutical Brands in India: A Mixed-Methods Framework with Influencer-Mediated Awareness across Allopathic and Ayurvedic Segments
items: Emerging B-School Business Models: An AI-Triggered Transformation with special reference to Wharton School Case Study
items: Volatility and Return Spillover Analysis from Selected ASEAN Markets with Indian Benchmark Index: A Post-Pandemic Market Study
items: Work-Life Balance of Female Doctors in India: Antecedents and Its Impact on Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Organizational Commitment – An Empirical Study
items: Comparative Study of Traditional vs AI-based Recruitment Methods in HRM- An Empirical Study
items: Designing Equity-Aware Intelligent Business Ecosystems: A Conceptual Framework for Inclusive Digital Transformation and Sustainable Organizational Development
items: The Influence of Unicorns and Soonicorns on Innovation and Venture Capital in Indian Startup Ecosystem: Empirical Evidence
items: Bridging The Regulatory Gap: Artificial Intelligence, Public Awareness, and International Standards in India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Framework
items: Digital Innovation and Sustainable Banking Practices in Indian Public Sector Banks: Post-Merger Perspective
items: India’s Role in UN Peacekeeping: Protecting Human Rights in War Zones
items: Challenges Faced by Human Resource Departments in Retaining Creative and Innovative Talent: An Empirical Study
items: Development and Experimental Evaluation of Aquillaria Agallocha Filled Epoxy Composites
items: Innovative Teaching Strategies and their Impact on Learning Outcomes in Higher Education
items: Socio-Legal Impact of the NALSA Judgment on the Third Gender Community
items: Unlocking Employee Engagement through Emotional Intelligence: The Mediating Effect of Knowledge Sharing Behavior
items: Digital Financial Inclusion as A Catalyst for Inclusive Development and Sustainable Development Goals: A Bibliometric Review
items: Criminal & Forensic Investigation with Artificial Intelligence & Their Effect on Privacy Rights: A Comparative Study of India and European Union
items: Debt, Decline and Survival: An Analytical Framework for Identifying and Revitalizing Zombie Firms
items: Consumer Behaviour and Brand Loyalty towards Smartphones in Tiruchirappalli Town
items: “Relative Strength Index (RSI) as A Predictor of Overbought and Oversold Conditions in Defence Company Stocks”
items: Online Grocery Shopping by the Senior Demographic (60+) in North India: Driving Factors behind Adoption vs. Resistance
items: Human-Centred Innovation through Design Thinking for Addressing Cyber Threats, Educational Problems, and Poverty Challenges: An Empirical Study
items: Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management: A Comparative Study of Samsung, Xiaomi, Apple and Vivo
items: An Administrative Insight into Branding in Management Institutions
items: Strategic Prioritization of HRM 4.0 Adoption Barriers: An Integrated ISM and MICMAC Approach for Sustainable Digital Transformation
items: Entrepreneurial Opportunities and Legal Risk in AI-Driven Businesses: Evidence from the Indian Context
items: Sustainable Enterprise Models in Jharkhand: Balancing Profit and Planet
items: Commercial Governance of Football Mega-Events: Destination Branding, Stakeholder Collaboration, and Urban Economic Development
items: A Comparative Analysis among the Constitution of India and Media Laws to Maintain Checks and Balances in the Light of Freedom of Speech and Expression
items: The Contribution of Emotional Intelligence to Government School Teachers' Increased Teaching Effectiveness
items: Entrepreneurial Career and Life Design (ECLD): Theoretical Foundations and Conceptual Distinctions in a Transforming World
items: Emerging Global Regulatory Frameworks on Corporate Environmental Due Diligence: Implications for Forest Protection in India
items: Human Commodification in Dystopian India: Connecting Tribal Displacement with the Body-Market in Manjula Padmanabhan’s Harvest
items: Professionalisation of Non-Teaching Staff for Institutional Readiness in Indian HEIs - Strategic Enabler of NEP 2020 Implementation
items: Business Law and Agribusiness Perspectives on Functional Crop Commercialization: A Systematic Review
items: Prioritizing Critical Barriers and Success Enablers of Women-Led MSMEs: An Integrative Review using a Hybrid Fuzzy AHP–Text Mining Framework
items: Performance Evaluation of Selected Indian Public Sector Banks: An Extended Balanced Scorecard Approach
items: Employee Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in the Banking Sector
items: AI-Driven Digital Marketing and Sustainable Entrepreneurship: A Multi-Dimensional Entrepreneurial Learning Framework
items: Educational Environment and Entrepreneurial Intention among Arts and Science Students in Kerala: An Empirical Structural Equation Modelling Analysis
items: The Structural Evolution and Strategic Determinants of Medical Value Travel (MVT) in Emerging Economies: Evidence from India
items: Regulatory Promoter Lock-in Reforms and IPO Underpricing: Evidence from the Indian Primary Market
items: Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Building Sustainable Business Models
items: From Consumption to Experience: A Bibliometric Study of Minimalism in Shaping Tourist Behaviour
items: Influence of Social Media Micro-Influencers on Gen-Z Purchase Decisions: A Cross-Sectional Empirical Analysis
items: Enhancing Organizational Success through Employee Training and Development: An Evaluation of their Contribution to the Achievement of Organizational Objectives
items: Power Dynamics in Professional Communication: An English Studies Perspective on Corporate and Legal Discourse
items: Consumer Trust in AI-Generated Advertising in the Digitally Driven World: An Empirical Study
items: GST: An Unraveling Force towards India’s Ex-Im
items: An Empirical Study on the Impact of Health Micro-Insurance on Healthcare Access and Financial Risk among BPL Households
items: Consumer Purchase Behaviour for Fashion Products through E-Tailing: An Empirical Study in Bangalore City
items: From Debate to Law in Gendered Workspaces: Evaluating the Imperative for Menstrual Leave Legislation in India
items: Awareness and Adoption of Green Banking Services among Consumers: Evidence from Selected Commercial Banks in Tiruchirappalli District
items: AI-Driven Personalization and Customer Purchase intentions of Health Insurance in Delhi NCR region
items: The Mediating Role of GHRM Practices in the Relationship between Employee Engagement and Company’s Culture in Energy Sector in India
items: Ticking the Right Strategy: Effects of High-Pressure Vs. Consultative Advertising on Consumer Trust and Purchase Intention in the Indian Watch Market
items: The ‘Make in India’ Initiative: A Mediation Analysis of Training Quality, Youth Readiness, and self-reliant Enterprise Potential Rationale

Examining the Relationship between Training and Development Practices and Employee Performance in Private Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement
type: item
description: This study looks at how employee performance is related to training and development practices in private hospitals, mediated by employee engagement. The study was conducted on 450 employees of selected private hospitals in Tiruchirappalli (Trichy) in Tamilnadu, India in the quantitative, cross sectional research design with a structured questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used for analyzing the collected data in SmartPLS 4. The findings suggest that training and development activities have positive significant impact on employee performance and employee engagement. Moreover, employee engagement has a positive effect on employee performance, and it acts as a partial mediation between the training and development practices and employee performance. The results indicated that investment in employee training can develop employee knowledge and skills, and consequently improve employee psychological engagement, which leads to better work performance. The study adds to the HRM body of knowledge, given that this literature lacks empirical evidence from the private healthcare industry and emphasises the importance of linking employee development programmes with engagement measures to boost organisational efficiency. The results have implications for hospital managers and HR practitioners in the design of training programs for their staff to enhance the quality of services and organizational performance through employee engagement.
creator: A. Rabaccal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 01
ending page: 11

Strategic Branding and Consumer Purchase Intention: An Empirical Analysis of the Mediating Role of Brand Image
type: item
description: In today's fiercely competitive environment, strategic branding has emerged as an essential organization strategy for shaping consumer behaviour and gaining sustainable competitive advantages. This study investigates the impact of strategic branding on the purchase intention of customers, using the brand image as the mediator. The research design used was the quantitative research design and the data collected was the primary data which were obtained through the structured questionnaire from 485 consumers in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS software was used to analyze the collected data. The reliability and convergent validity of the measurement model were satisfactory, and the model fit of the structural model was good. The results indicated a high and positive relation between strategic branding and brand image and purchase intention. In addition, the image of the brand plays a significant role in determining the intention of consumers to buy and it partially mediates between strategic branding and consumer buying intention. Results indicated that the organizations can be more powerful in building consumers' purchasing intent by adopting effective branding strategy to increase positive brand perception and emotional relationship. The study adds to the literature of branding and consumer behavior by confirming the mediating role of brand image and gives practical applications for those who are interested in enhancing the performance of their brands and customer acquisition by designing and implementing a good branding strategy.
creator: G. Ragini
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 12
ending page: 21

Sustainable Marketing and Green Consumerism: Economic Implications
type: item
description: The approaches of creating, marketing and delivering products and services have transformed as organisations become more conscious of sustainability. Sustainable marketing has turned into a strategy that takes into account the environmental, social and economic aspects and caters to the demand of the consumers for responsible consumption. The paper touches on sustainable marketing practices and green consumerism, and explores the economic effects on businesses, consumers as well as society. The study is based on review based analytical approach which is used to analyse and synthesize the findings from relevant academic studies, industry reports and policy documents to understand the factors affecting the green purchasing behaviour of corporations, green purchasing programmes and competitive market. The results imply that consumers are willing to support environmentally responsible products when sustainability information is both easily understood and credible, and reflects product quality and value. The study also demonstrates the role of sustainable marketing in the company's long-term economic success, by improving its brand reputation, customer loyalty, innovativeness, reducing operational costs through resource efficiency and creating new market opportunities. But there are difficulties like greenwashing, high implementation costs, lack of consumer awareness and variable regulations that are still affecting the effectiveness of the sustainable marketing strategies. Governments, business and consumers can help to create an environment for responsible production and consumption is also explored as part of the paper. The results demonstrate that those businesses that take a proactive approach to sustainability change are more likely to develop a competitive advantage and positively impact the environment and economic development. This study presents Sustainable marketing and green consumerism as not only strategies to protect the environment, but also strategies th…
creator: Jasleen Rana
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 22
ending page: 35

NLP-Based Trust Signal Detection from 360-Degree Narrative Feedback Using Fine-Tuned BERT and Behavioral Authenticity Analysis
type: item
description: This paper outlines a comprehensive NLP pipeline for extracting trust-relevant signals from unstructured 360-degree narrative feedback using the DEEP (Drive, Engage, Empower, Purpose-align) Leadership Framework. The pipeline integrates three modules: (1) a fine-tuned BERT-based trust-specific sentiment classifier achieving 89.4% accuracy, outperforming generic sentiment by 16.0 percentage points; (2) guided LDA topic modeling mapping narrative themes to 53 DEEP competencies with 0.834 mean alignment; and (3) a novel Behavioral Authenticity Detection (BAD) module differentiating genuine from performative behaviors through six linguistic markers (ACS correlation with multi-rater consensus: r=0.71, p<.001). Validated on 24,800 comments from N=12,400 assessments across 14 organizations, NLP integration improves Trust & Leadership Index prediction from R²=0.921 to 0.943 (ΔR²=0.022, p<.001). Three algorithms are presented: DEEP-NLP Pipeline, Trust-BERT Fine-Tuning Protocol, and BAD Score Computation. Results show that domain-specific NLP notably advances leadership trust assessment exceeding traditional quantitative methods.
creator: Piyush Somani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 36
ending page: 47

Live Streaming Commerce and Consumer Behaviour: A Systematic Review of Emerging Digital Retail Dynamics
type: item
description: Purpose Live streaming commerce has emerged as a transformative force in digital retail by integrating entertainment, real-time interaction, and instant purchasing functionalities within online shopping platforms. This systematic review examines the influence of live streaming commerce on consumer behaviour and synthesises existing scholarly literature to identify dominant theoretical perspectives, contextual trends, behavioural determinants, and methodological approaches shaping this evolving research domain. Design/Methodology/Approach The study adopts the PRISMA 2020 framework to ensure a transparent and systematic review process. Peer-reviewed studies published between 2017 and 2024 were collected from major academic databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, and SpringerLink. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 80 studies were selected for detailed analysis. The selected literature was further examined using the TCCM framework (Theory, Context, Characteristics, and Methodology) to classify and evaluate prevailing research patterns. Findings The review identifies several major determinants influencing consumer behaviour in live streaming commerce environments, including perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, information quality, service quality, system quality, trust, pricing strategies, and product-related factors. The findings indicate that the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) model, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Uses and Gratifications Theory, and Source Credibility Theory are among the most widely applied theoretical foundations. Existing studies are predominantly concentrated in East Asian economies, particularly China, and largely employ quantitative survey-based methodologies using analytical tools such as SPSS and PLS-SEM. Originality/Value This study contributes to the growing body of live streaming commerce literature by offering a comprehensive synthesis of consumer behaviour research through the integra…
creator: Kirti Satija
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 48
ending page: 59

Sustainable Entrepreneurship in the Circular Economy: An Integrated Dynamic Capability Framework for Innovation, Organizational Resilience, and Long-Term Value Creation
type: item
description: Sustainability-driven transformation has increasingly become central to contemporary entrepreneurial and organizational discourse, particularly within the context of circular economy systems. However, existing research remains fragmented in explaining how sustainable entrepreneurial orientation translates into long-term organizational value. Most studies either emphasize innovation outcomes or environmental performance in isolation, leaving a conceptual gap in understanding the capability-based mechanisms underlying sustainability-driven value creation. This study addresses this gap by developing an integrated conceptual framework that explains how sustainable entrepreneurship contributes to long-term value creation through circular innovation capability and organizational resilience. Drawing upon Resource-Based View, Dynamic Capability Theory, Stakeholder Theory, and Institutional Theory, the paper conceptualizes sustainability not as a direct performance driver but as a multi-stage capability development process embedded within organizational and institutional contexts. The framework proposes that sustainable entrepreneurship strengthens circular innovation capability, which subsequently enhances organizational resilience, ultimately enabling sustained economic, environmental, and social value creation. Additionally, ESG governance and institutional support are identified as critical boundary conditions that shape the strength of these relationships. The study contributes to theory by shifting the focus from linear cause–effect relationships to a sequential capability-based understanding of sustainability transitions. Practically, it provides insights for managers and policymakers on how to design governance structures and institutional mechanisms that support circular economy transformation.
creator: Shriyak Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 60
ending page: 78

NEP-2020 and Outcome Based Education: A New Direction for Indian Universities
type: item
description: The implementation of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has introduced a transformative vision for Indian higher education by emphasizing multidisciplinary learning, academic flexibility, employability, innovation, and holistic student development. Outcome-Based Education (OBE) complements this vision by shifting educational practice from content-oriented instruction to competency-oriented learning, where measurable outcomes guide curriculum design, pedagogy, assessment, and continuous quality improvement. The convergence of NEP-2020 and OBE provides Indian universities with an opportunity to strengthen graduate attributes, enhance institutional accountability, promote industry relevance, and improve global competitiveness. However, successful implementation requires systematic curriculum mapping, faculty preparedness, digital infrastructure, learner-centric assessment systems, and effective quality assurance mechanisms. This paper explores the conceptual relationship between NEP-2020 and OBE, examines their role in transforming higher education, identifies implementation challenges, and proposes strategic measures for institutional excellence. The study highlights that integrating OBE principles within the NEP framework can significantly improve educational quality, research culture, innovation, lifelong learning, and graduate employability while supporting national development goals and international accreditation standards. The findings provide a comprehensive academic perspective for policymakers, university administrators, faculty members, and quality assurance agencies seeking sustainable higher education reforms.
creator: Vani Sarada
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 79
ending page: 93

Driving a Sustainable Tomorrow: Mobilising Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behaviour through GHRM Practices
type: item
description: The increasing urgency of environmental sustainability has transformed the role of human resource management from a traditional administrative function into a strategic driver of organizational sustainability. Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has emerged as a comprehensive approach that integrates environmentally responsible practices into recruitment, training, performance management, rewards, employee involvement, and organizational culture. This paper examines how GHRM practices stimulate employees' pro-environmental behaviour and contribute to sustainable organizational performance. It explores the mechanisms through which environmentally oriented HR policies influence employees' environmental awareness, motivation, commitment, and voluntary green actions within the workplace. The study further presents an integrated conceptual framework illustrating the relationships among GHRM practices, psychological and organizational mediators, employees' pro-environmental behaviour, and sustainability outcomes. By synthesizing contemporary theoretical perspectives and recent empirical evidence, the paper provides insights into the strategic importance of aligning human resource practices with environmental objectives. The findings are expected to assist managers, policymakers, and researchers in developing effective employee-centred sustainability strategies that strengthen environmental responsibility, improve organizational resilience, and support long-term sustainable development across diverse industrial sectors.
creator: Shiva Kumari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 94
ending page: 108

Influence of Consumer Ordering Behaviour on Restaurant Performance through Online Food Delivery Platforms: A Study of Bengaluru City
type: item
description: Online food delivery (OFD) platforms such as Swiggy and Zomato have fundamentally reshaped how consumers in Indian metropolitan cities access restaurant food, and have simultaneously become a critical sales and visibility channel for restaurants. This study examines the influence of consumer ordering behaviour on restaurant performance through OFD platforms in Bengaluru City. Using a descriptive and analytical research design, primary data were collected from two respondent groups – 500 consumers using OFD platforms and 100 restaurants registered on these platforms – through structured questionnaires. The study examines consumer ordering frequency, platform and cuisine preferences, spending behavior, and the factors driving online ordering decisions (convenience, discounts, delivery speed, ratings and reviews, food quality, app usability, payment convenience, and customer support), and relates these to restaurant-reported outcomes including sales growth, revenue impact, customer retention, and profitability. The findings show that 76 percent of consumers order food online at least once a week, with food quality (mean = 4.20) and delivery speed (mean = 4.05) ranked as the strongest decision drivers. On the restaurant side, 80 percent of respondents reported a highly or moderately increased impact of online consumer orders on sales, and a strong positive correlation (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) was found between online ordering frequency and restaurant business growth. The study concludes that consumer ordering behavior is a significant determinant of restaurant performance in the OFD ecosystem and offers targeted suggestions for restaurants, delivery platforms, and future researchers to strengthen customer retention and sustainable business growth in Bengaluru's increasingly digital food service market.
creator: Sanjay Pattanshetty
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 109
ending page: 145
doi: 10.52783/mjble.577

ESG Disclosure and Cost of Capital in Indian Maharatna CPSEs: Evidence on WACC and Debt Pricing Using BRSR-Based ESG Index
type: item
description: This research paper looks at the correlation between the quality of the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure and the cost of capital in Indian Maharatna Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs). By evaluation of the effect of the ESG disclosure on the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) and the cost of debt using a comprehensive BRSR-based ESG Index constructed out of Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reports that are required by SEBI during the period FY 2022-23 to FY 2024-25, we examine the effect of ESG disclosure on both the &WACC and the cost of debt. We have used a sample of all 14 Maharatna CPSEs (India): the largest government-owned corporations in India in terms of the energy, infrastructure, and manufacturing industries. The results of the empirical data indicate statistically significant negative correlation between scores of ESG disclosure and WACC and high ESG-performers CPSEs demonstrate that WACC is about 85-125 basis points below among its lower-scoring counterparts. Moreover, there is attractive Environmental (E) pillar which has the greatest impact on debt pricing and the next pillar is Governance (G) and Social (S) pillars. The implication of these findings to policy makers, investors and corporate managers is that, ESG disclosures are financial enough to matter in emerging markets.
creator: Ajaya Behari Lal Srivastava
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 146
ending page: 153

Calibrating Brand Awareness of Pharmaceutical Brands in India: A Mixed-Methods Framework with Influencer-Mediated Awareness across Allopathic and Ayurvedic Segments
type: item
description: Measuring brand awareness in the Indian pharmaceutical market is less straightforward than in conventional consumer categories. The presence of branded generics, the separation between prescribers and end-users, and the regulatory divide between allopathic and Ayurvedic segments together create a setting where standard awareness models do not fully apply. This study develops and tests a framework that combines covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) with an Awareness Calibration Index (ACI). A central addition is Influencer-Mediated Awareness (IMA), conceptualised in two forms: professional (IMA-P), reflecting Key Opinion Leader and peer influence among physicians, and consumer-facing (IMA-C), capturing the role of digital and culturally embedded health influencers. Data were collected from 420 physicians and 600 chronic-disease consumers across four cities in eastern India. The measurement model shows acceptable fit (CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.059, SRMR = 0.063). Results indicate that Scientific Recall and Perceived Bio-equivalence remain important for prescriber decisions, although IMA-P also shows a meaningful contribution. On the consumer side, IMA-C emerges as a comparatively strong driver of brand equity, particularly within the herbal segment. The ACI results point to a clear hierarchy in awareness levels, with herbal brands outperforming both OTC and prescription categories. Taken together, the findings suggest that awareness formation in pharmaceutical markets is becoming more layered, with influencer-driven pathways increasingly complementing traditional mechanisms.
creator: Amit Roy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 154
ending page: 166

Emerging B-School Business Models: An AI-Triggered Transformation with special reference to Wharton School Case Study
type: item
description: With the acute emphasis on the Outcome-Based Education (OBE) system that is globally acknowledged in today’s academic world, there is a considerable drift in the business models of B-Schools thriving worldwide. The conventional teacher-centric approach and lecture-oriented pattern are being redesigned to be a more learner-centric approach, including experiential learning. This new form of academic delivery largely relies on technological advancements and the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools. This research aims at understanding the four major aspects involved in B-School business model success viz., positioning, value generation, execution and outcome assessment. The research revolves around the B-School - Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and the study of itspioneeringstrategic move to bring transformation in the traditional way of academic delivery into a holistic business model through collaborative spirit with AI and analytical abilities. The study reveals that integrating with AI has strategically enabled the B-School to enhance its attainments in terms of robust curriculum design, innovative pedagogical techniques, enrichment of academic deliverables, efficient administrative processes and capturing globally smart competitive advantage. Researchers intend to showcase the success story of the B-School as a case study for building new insights among Academicians, Management committees of B-Schools, Government authorities, regulators and last but not least the learner community that needs to embrace the new horizons of education. Finally, AI and technology applications need to be considered as an aid for betterment and not a challengeby the stakeholders.
creator: Shripad Bapat
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 167
ending page: 178

Volatility and Return Spillover Analysis from Selected ASEAN Markets with Indian Benchmark Index: A Post-Pandemic Market Study
type: item
description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been disrupting financial activities in countries, and also across the world, it creating a lot more uncertainty, and not so much stability in the wider global financial markets. This study is looking into how volatility moves around, and how returns spillover between the benchmark stock market indices for the chosen ASEAN-5 economies, plus India, specifically in the period after the pandemic. After the economic shocks from COVID-19, Asian financial markets have been getting more tightly linked together. so, studying how these markets relate to each other is becoming more important for investment evaluation and practical decision-making. The study is using daily stock market index data from 2019 to 2025 and then applying econometric models like GARCH and VAR, to grasp the scale as well as the direction of spillover effects among these markets. The results are pointing toward a higher level of mutual risk transmission between the ASEAN-5 economies and India, which seems to matter a lot for policymakers, investors and even the market regulators working in the post pandemic financial setting. On that basis, the paper is recommending diversified investment approaches, and also coordinated policy steps for boosting market steadiness while managing financial risks in a more effective way.
creator: Rahul Moolbharathi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 179
ending page: 186
doi: 10.52783/mjble.581

Work-Life Balance of Female Doctors in India: Antecedents and Its Impact on Job Satisfaction, Burnout, and Organizational Commitment – An Empirical Study
type: item
description: Work-life balance (WLB) has become a critical concern among healthcare professionals, particularly female doctors, who frequently encounter demanding professional responsibilities alongside family and personal commitments. In India, the increasing participation of women in the medical profession has intensified the need to understand the factors influencing their work-life balance and its outcomes. This empirical study investigates the antecedents of work-life balance and examines its impact on job satisfaction, burnout, and organizational commitment among female doctors working in government hospitals in Karnataka, India. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was adopted. Primary data were collected from 300 female doctors employed in government hospitals using a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. Convenience sampling was used for respondent selection. The study considers workload, family support, organizational support, flexible working arrangements, childcare responsibilities, supervisor support, and role conflict as antecedents of work-life balance. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29 and AMOS 29. Statistical techniques included descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that organizational support, supervisor support, family support, and flexible working arrangements positively influence work-life balance, whereas excessive workload, childcare responsibilities, and role conflict negatively affect it. Furthermore, improved work-life balance significantly enhances job satisfaction and organizational commitment while reducing burnout among female doctors. The structural model demonstrated acceptable goodness-of-fit indices, confirming the proposed theoretical framework. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence from the Indian public healthcare sector and offers pract…
creator: Ashika G S
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 187
ending page: 200
doi: 10.52783/mjble.582

Comparative Study of Traditional vs AI-based Recruitment Methods in HRM- An Empirical Study
type: item
description: The way that businesses recruit has changed dramatically with the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into human resource management (HRM). Compared to current AI-based recruitment, traditional recruitment is based on a large number of processes. Such as; reviewing resumes manually, relying on the judgments made by humans to evaluate candidates and to place them appropriately in the company, creating job postings for potential employees to apply to positions at the company, and conducting face-to-face interviews to determine whether or not a candidate will be hired. There are many reasons why these traditional ways of recruiting have their disadvantages. For example, they can be very expensive, take a long time to complete, and require a lot of time from recruiters and other HR personnel. On the other hand, AI-recruitment uses different types of technology. These include machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), predictive analytics, chatbots and automatic resume screening. All of this technology allows companies to make better recruitment decisions faster and more efficiently. The purpose of this research paper was to examine how both traditional recruitment methods and AI-based recruitment methods differ from one another. Data were used from sources that included articles published from 2020-2026 from academic journals, HR consultants and industry surveys. Using data from those sources, it compared the two recruitment methods against each other by measuring their performance in nine areas. As a result, companies who use an AI-based recruitment method can save time when making hiring decisions. Additionally, companies who use an AI-based recruitment method can also save money when making hiring decisions. Companies who use an ai-based recruitment method can also successfully increase the quality of new hires. They can also create a more positive experience for candidates throughout the hiring process. Finally, companies who use an AI-based recru…
creator: Balagouda S. Patil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 201
ending page: 211

Designing Equity-Aware Intelligent Business Ecosystems: A Conceptual Framework for Inclusive Digital Transformation and Sustainable Organizational Development
type: item
description: The accelerating adoption of intelligent technologies has reshaped contemporary business environments by enabling organizations to improve operational efficiency, strengthen decision-making processes, and enhance stakeholder engagement. Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and advanced data analytics are increasingly embedded within organizational systems, creating new opportunities for innovation and value creation. Despite these advancements, concerns remain regarding unequal access to digital resources, algorithmic bias, data privacy, and the potential exclusion of vulnerable populations from the benefits of technological progress. These challenges highlight the need for business models that balance technological innovation with principles of equity, inclusiveness, and social responsibility. This paper presents a conceptual framework for designing equity-aware intelligent business ecosystems that align digital transformation initiatives with sustainable organizational development objectives. The framework synthesizes insights from existing research on intelligent technologies, responsible innovation, digital governance, and inclusive business practices. It proposes a multi-layered structure in which AI, IoT, and data analytics function as technological enablers, while governance mechanisms, ethical safeguards, and stakeholder participation guide their implementation. The framework emphasizes the integration of fairness, transparency, accessibility, and accountability throughout organizational processes to ensure that technological benefits are distributed more equitably across diverse stakeholder groups. The study further illustrates how equity-oriented intelligent ecosystems can contribute to improved service delivery, resource optimization, informed decision-making, and long-term organizational resilience. By linking technological capabilities with sustainability and inclusion objectives, the proposed framework offers…
creator: Sonu Dua
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 212
ending page: 231

The Influence of Unicorns and Soonicorns on Innovation and Venture Capital in Indian Startup Ecosystem: Empirical Evidence
type: item
description: The Indian startup ecosystem has emerged as one of the most dynamic and rapidly evolving markets globally, with significant contributions from high-growth companies known as unicorns valued at over $1 billion and soonicorns companies close to achieving unicorn status. These entities, driven by innovation and strategic risk-taking, have a profound impact on the broader startup landscape by attracting venture capital (VC) investment flows, influencing market competition, and serving as benchmarks for growth. Despite the attention surrounding unicorns and soonicorns, there is limited empirical research examining their direct and indirect effects on the growth and performance of other startups within the Indian ecosystem. This study aims to address this gap by exploring how the presence of unicorns and soonicorns influences the growth paths of other startups, particularly through the mediating role of venture capital investment flows and the moderating influence of government policy support. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was utilized to test the hypotheses, using data collected from startups, venture capitalists, and industry analysts. By employing statistical analysis, the study examines six hypotheses. The study is grounded in Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) positing that unicorns and soonicorns act as catalysts within the startup ecosystem by attracting critical external resources and fostering innovation diffusion, respectively. Results indicate a positive association between a unicorn and soonicorn presence and the overall performance and growth of Indian startups. Additionally, venture capital investment flows partially mediate this relationship, underscoring the importance of funding availability in scaling startups. Government policy support is found to moderate these relationships, with stronger effects observed in policy-rich environments. The findings highlight the pivotal role of unicorns and soonicorns in shaping India’s startup ecosystem a…
creator: Gireesh Y. M.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 232
ending page: 249
doi: 10.52783/mjble.591

Bridging The Regulatory Gap: Artificial Intelligence, Public Awareness, and International Standards in India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Framework
type: item
description: The rapid expansion of digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed the way personal data is collected, processed, and utilized. In India, the emergence of large-scale digital platforms, e-governance systems, and AI-driven services has intensified concerns regarding data privacy, transparency, and accountability. The enactment of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDP), 2023 represents a major milestone in India’s attempt to regulate personal data processing and safeguard individual rights. However, the evolving technological landscape, particularly the integration of AI systems into governance, commerce, and social platforms, has created regulatory gaps that require careful policy attention. This paper examines the relationship between artificial intelligence, public awareness, and international regulatory standards within India’s digital personal data protection framework. It explores how AI technologies complicate traditional data protection mechanisms, highlights the importance of informed public participation in privacy protection, and analyzes how global regulatory models such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) influence India’s policy approach. The study adopts a doctrinal and analytical methodology to evaluate legislative provisions, policy initiatives, and international best practices. The findings suggest that while India has made significant progress in establishing a statutory framework for data protection, challenges remain in enforcement capacity, algorithmic accountability, and public literacy regarding data rights. Strengthening institutional mechanisms, aligning domestic regulations with international standards, and expanding digital literacy initiatives can help bridge the regulatory gap. Ultimately, a balanced regulatory ecosystem combining technological innovation, legal safeguards, and citizen awareness is essential for ensuring responsible AI governance and sustainabl…
creator: Arjun
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-01
publication date: 2026-07-01
number: 3
starting page: 250
ending page: 260

Digital Innovation and Sustainable Banking Practices in Indian Public Sector Banks: Post-Merger Perspective
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of digital innovation and sustainable banking practices on customer satisfaction in merged public sector banks in India. The study explores how customer satisfaction in merged public sector banks in India will be affected by digital innovation and sustainable banking practices. On the basis of primary data gathered via a patterned questionnaire, the multiple regression method was utilized to point out the impact of digital innovations, convenience, technological foundation, post-merger service modifications, sustainability programs, and communication and awareness. The findings have shown that technology infrastructure positively affects customer satisfaction in a substantial manner, and therefore it is important to note that efficient and reliable digital systems in the post-merger environment is of great importance. On the other hand, sustainability projects have a strong negative contribution, implying a breakdown in visibility, communication or correspondence to customer expectations. Other reasons such as digital innovations, easy access, post-merger change in services, and communication and awareness have positive but insignificant impacts. The paper concludes that more focus should be placed on the enhancement of technological infrastructure and redesign sustainability efforts by merged public sector banks that have been and still enhance digital services and communication strategies. Although this study has some drawbacks that are connected with self-reported data, the sample size and cross-sectional nature, it can offer valuable information that can be utilized to enhance customer satisfaction and promote sustainable development of post-merger banks operating in the public sector.
creator: Devaraju N
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 261
ending page: 273
doi: 10.52783/mjble.594

India’s Role in UN Peacekeeping: Protecting Human Rights in War Zones
type: item
description: The maintenance of international peace and security remains one of the principal objectives of the United Nations (UN), with peacekeeping operations serving as one of its most visible and effective instruments for conflict management. Since its independence, India has consistently emerged as one of the most committed contributors to United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKOs), demonstrating an unwavering commitment to the principles of the UN Charter, multilateral cooperation, and the protection of vulnerable civilian populations. Indian peacekeepers have served in some of the world's most volatile conflict zones, including the Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Sierra Leone, Lebanon, Sudan, Rwanda, Somalia, and several other regions affected by armed conflict. Beyond the traditional mandate of monitoring ceasefires, India's peacekeeping efforts have increasingly focused on the protection of civilians, promotion of human rights, humanitarian assistance, gender inclusion, post-conflict reconstruction, and support for democratic governance. This article critically examines India's evolving role in UN peacekeeping through the lens of international human rights law and international humanitarian law. It analyses the historical development of India's participation, the legal framework governing peacekeeping missions, and the practical contributions made by Indian military and police contingents in protecting civilians from violence, facilitating humanitarian access, supporting displaced populations, and strengthening local institutions. The paper further evaluates India's leadership in promoting women peacekeepers, capacity-building initiatives, and accountability within UN missions while addressing operational challenges such as resource constraints, changing conflict dynamics, terrorism, and allegations occasionally associated with peacekeeping missions globally. Through selected case studies of Congo, South Sudan, Sierra Leone, and Lebanon, the study argue…
creator: Jageshwar Nath Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 274
ending page: 285
doi: 10.52783/mjble.595

Challenges Faced by Human Resource Departments in Retaining Creative and Innovative Talent: An Empirical Study
type: item
description: One of the challenges of contemporary organisations is the retention of creative and innovative talent. In the modern era, knowledge, innovation and creativity are gaining ground as the keys for the competitive advantage of businesses, so Human Resource (HR) departments are facing a new priority: keeping highly skilled employees. The present study discusses the problems being faced by HR in retaining creative and innovative talent. A descriptive research design was used, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 135 HR professionals and managers. The study found that the main issues that create problems in retaining staff are professional development opportunities, meeting employee expectations, workforce diversity, virtual learning and upskilling programmes, competition from other employers and organizational culture. Descriptive statistics were used to rank the challenges, and independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the differences between demographics in perceptions of retention challenges. The results showed that the most pressing issues facing HR departments are professional development and meeting employees' expectations. Gender was a significant difference for employee expectations, workforce diversity, competition from employers, and professional development opportunities, but organisational position was significant for organisational culture and workforce diversity. The findings of the study emphasise the importance of further strengthening employee development programs, creating an inclusive work culture and implementing successful retention strategies to ensure creative and innovative talent. The findings provide valuable insights for HR practitioners seeking to enhance employee retention and organisational competitiveness.
creator: I. Shanmugapriya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 286
ending page: 298
doi: 10.52783/mjble.596

Development and Experimental Evaluation of Aquillaria Agallocha Filled Epoxy Composites
type: item
description: This study examined the effect of filler loading in Aquillaria Agallocha gum-reinforced epoxy composites made using the hand layup process. By systematically mixing Aquillaria Agallocha gum with an epoxy matrix in 5% increments, from 5% to 25% by volume, composite filaments were produced. The mechanical properties of the bio-composites were carefully analyzed to understand how their structure affects them. Tensile tests revealed that the improved composition has an elastic modulus of 1.7 GPa and a maximum strength of 20.2 MPa. The flexural strength was 34 MPa, with a modulus of 1700 MPa, indicating better volume retention. The Izod test results showed that the material could absorb more energy and had an impact resistance of 1.9 kJ/m². This composite opens the door for manufacturing sustainable engineering materials that could be used in biomedical devices, eco-friendly packaging, and consumer products that break down more efficiently in the environment.
creator: N. Gopalakrishnan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 299
ending page: 312

Innovative Teaching Strategies and their Impact on Learning Outcomes in Higher Education
type: item
description: The use of new instructional tactics has changed the face of higher education through fostering student centred learning, better interaction and better performance. The present paper examines the impact of newer teaching and learning strategies on learning outcomes of higher education education, and the research question is what type of instructional strategies (i.e., active learning, blended learning, flipped learning, collaborative learning, project-based learning, gamification, technology enhanced instruction, etc.) can influence learning outcomes. A positivist philosophy and deductive quantitative research methodology was used. The data collected included 200 undergraduate and postgraduate students in institutions of higher learning, using structured questionnaires to aid in the data collection. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse data obtained using SPSS. The findings revealed that the students were positive about the innovative teaching strategies, technology enhanced learning and collaborative learning were rated highest. The statistical results had indicated that there were significant positive relationships between innovative teaching strategies and learning outcomes that comprised: student engagement, academic performance, knowledge retention, critical and communication abilities and problem-solving skills. Another finding of the regression analysis was the fact that technology enhanced learning had been the most effective predictor of improved learning outcomes. The study concludes that the effective application of the innovative teaching practices increase the quality of the acquired education and help to attain the needed graduate competencies. It also presupposes an additional investment in digital technologies, the training of faculty and learner-focused pedagogies to improve the quality of teaching and academic outcomes of post-secondary education.
creator: Avinash Kumar Vivekanand Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 313
ending page: 325

Socio-Legal Impact of the NALSA Judgment on the Third Gender Community
type: item
description: The recognition of the third gender in India marked a significant milestone in the country’s journey toward equality and human rights. The landmark judgment of the National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India (commonly known as the NALSA judgment) delivered by the Supreme Court of India in 2014 played a transformative role in acknowledging the rights and identity of transgender persons. This decision legally recognized transgender individuals as a “third gender” and affirmed their fundamental rights under the Constitution, particularly the rights to equality, dignity, freedom of expression, and protection from discrimination. This study examines the socio-legal impact of the NALSA judgment on the third gender community in India. It analyses how the judgment has influenced legal recognition, policy reforms, and social awareness regarding transgender rights. The decision directed both the Central and State Governments to take proactive measures for the social and economic upliftment of transgender persons, including reservations in education and employment, access to healthcare, and legal protection against discrimination. Despite this progressive legal recognition, the third gender community continues to face significant challenges such as social stigma, lack of employment opportunities, limited access to education, and inadequate implementation of welfare policies. The study therefore explores the gap between legal recognition and actual social inclusion. It also highlights the role of legal frameworks, public policies, and social attitudes in shaping the lived experiences of transgender individuals. The research concludes that while the NALSA judgment has laid a strong constitutional foundation for the protection of transgender rights, sustained efforts in law, policy implementation, and societal awareness are essential to achieve genuine equality and dignity for the third gender community in India.
creator: Sumita Singh Kshatriya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 326
ending page: 333
doi: 10.52783/mjble.606

Unlocking Employee Engagement through Emotional Intelligence: The Mediating Effect of Knowledge Sharing Behavior
type: item
description: The present study investigated the impact of emotional intelligence on employee engagement through the mediating role of knowledge sharing behaviour. A quantitative research design was employed using a cross-sectional survey employed to the employees in the higher education sector. PLS-SEM was utilized to analyze the measurement and structural model and to examine the mediating effect of knowledge sharing behaviour. The results revealed that emotional intelligence has a positive impact on employee engagement. Furthermore, the results also revealed that emotional intelligence positively influences employee’s willingness to share knowledge, which in turn enhances their level of engagement. The mediation analysis revealed that knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and employee engagement, suggesting that emotionally intelligent employees become more engaged not only because of their emotional competencies but also through their active participation in knowledge sharing practices.
creator: Nida Feroz Andrabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 334
ending page: 346

Digital Financial Inclusion as A Catalyst for Inclusive Development and Sustainable Development Goals: A Bibliometric Review
type: item
description: Digital financial inclusion (DFI) is quickly becoming a global movement of overwhelming proportions. Reports featuring Bill Gates indicate that mobile-enabled financial services can cover over 2 billion unbanked people worldwide by 2030. DFI offers significant value to community banks, thrifts, lending companies, and insurance agencies by promoting positive financial systems that enable firms to capitalise on opportunities. It also benefits sustainability, as the World Bank has stated it can help achieve 13 of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Studies from 25 African countries between 2011 and 2019 have shown that digital financial inclusion can advance sustainable development. Still, all markets should be regulated to ensure a balanced distribution of benefits. In recent trends, digital transactions are becoming an indispensable part of daily life. The transactions rose from 2,071 crores in the year 2017 - 2018 to 18,737 crores in the year 2023- 2024, making it an indispensable part of the economy in countries like India. The percentage of Indian accounts grew from 35% in 2011 to 80% in 2024 due to the implementation of policies. There are over 37% of adults who are outside the financial system. This highlights the immediate need for more inclusive alternatives. The common challenges include poverty, inequality, low literacy, and poor infrastructure. Consumer protection, data privacy and regulatory strategies are also issues that need to be resolved to properly apply digital payment policies. Even though financial inclusion is better in developed countries, it also faces challenges with people due to economic, psychological or cultural factors such as the indebted, the jobless, the elderly, migrants, and prisoners. This study addresses three key questions using combined data from 87 articles spanning from 2015 to 2024: (1) How can the existing literature establish a relationship between inclusive development, Digital Financial Inclusion, a…
creator: K. Agusta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 347
ending page: 366

Criminal & Forensic Investigation with Artificial Intelligence & Their Effect on Privacy Rights: A Comparative Study of India and European Union
type: item
description: Humans are living in the era of Technology and Artificial intelligence (AI) and the use of them by law enforcement and Forensic experts is not only able to solve unsolved mysterious cases but also becoming a threat to the individual's privacy. There are already some laws regarding Privacy since years such as Article 21 of Indian Constitution but with the growing global privacy concerns as AI and Technology are not limited to a certain territory, nations got alert and came up with their separate statutes to protect privacy such as DPDP Act of India, GDPR of European Union (EU) act, etc. This paper aims to identify how AI tools and Technology are beneficial for Law enforcement and other investigating agencies ultimately which will benefit the members of the society, thereafter how the privacy right of an individual got infringed due to excessive use of technology and AI by investigators, how legislature of India and European Union (EU) is trying to protect the privacy rights with the help of statutes or regulations, and finally to provide suggestions related to advanced technology and governance which will help to maintain the balance between a rightful investigation and privacy rights.
creator: Saloni Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 367
ending page: 385

Debt, Decline and Survival: An Analytical Framework for Identifying and Revitalizing Zombie Firms
type: item
description: This study examines the prevalence, survival and resolution of zombie firms in India over the financial years 2020–2024. A purposive sample of 13 large listed companies from the aviation, telecommunications, infrastructure, textiles, metals, and power sectors was analysed. Zombie firms are defined here as mature companies that have been unable to cover their interest expenses with operating profits for three or more consecutive years, yet continue to operate because of repeated bank credit support. Secondary data of selected firms have been collected from Financial Stability Reports of 2020 to 2024 issued by RBI and IBBI and classified into three categories: Recovery, still zombie and Insolvent/ liquidated. The findings suggests that possible pathways to come out of zombie status as per IBC resolution is to transfer the control or the ownership of the firm or a strategic acquisition with healthier entities. The firms that didn’t follow the resolution of IBC still remained in zombie status and eventually moved to liquidation. These findings provide evidence on the nature of corporate distress in India in the post pandemic era and the need for stronger structural reforms to facilitate timely market-driven escape from the zombie status.
creator: Daksha Choudhary
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 386
ending page: 404

Consumer Behaviour and Brand Loyalty towards Smartphones in Tiruchirappalli Town
type: item
description: The smartphone industry has witnessed remarkable growth over the last decade, transforming communication, information access, entertainment, and commercial activities. Consumer behaviour towards smartphones is influenced by several factors such as product quality, price, brand image, technological features, social influence, and after-sales service. Understanding these factors is essential for smartphone manufacturers and marketers to develop effective strategies for customer retention and brand loyalty. The present study examines consumer behaviour and brand loyalty towards smartphones among consumers in Tiruchirappalli Town. The study employs a descriptive research design and collects primary data through a structured questionnaire from smartphone users. Statistical tools such as percentage analysis, Chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation analysis are used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that brand reputation, product performance, and customer satisfaction significantly influence brand loyalty. The study concludes that smartphone companies should focus on innovation, service quality, and customer engagement to enhance long-term loyalty among consumers.
creator: S. Joshua Benaiah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 405
ending page: 413

“Relative Strength Index (RSI) as A Predictor of Overbought and Oversold Conditions in Defence Company Stocks”
type: item
description: Technical analysis has gained increasing relevance in financial markets as investors seek systematic approaches to identify profitable trading opportunities. Among momentum-based indicators, the Relative Strength Index (RSI), originally developed by Welles Wilder (1978), is widely employed to detect overbought and oversold market conditions. The present study investigates the effectiveness of RSI in generating trading signals and predicting price movements in selected Indian defence sector stocks, namely Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), and Zen Technologies (ZEN). Building on the theoretical foundations of technical analysis proposed by Murphy (1999) and empirical evidence provided by Brock et al. (1992) and Lo et al. (2000), the study evaluates whether RSI-based signals possess predictive power in a strategically important and rapidly expanding sector of the Indian equity market. The study adopts a descriptive-correlational research design with a quantitative time-series approach based on secondary data covering the period from 2015 to 2025. Daily stock prices, RSI values, and market volatility measures constitute the dataset. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, t-tests, and regression techniques are employed to assess the relationship between RSI signals and subsequent stock returns. The empirical findings reveal that RSI has significant predictive power for defence sector stocks. The average return following RSI-generated signals is 21.66%, which is statistically significant (t = 15.962, p < 0.001; 95% CI: 18.95%–24.37%), indicating that RSI-based strategies are associated with substantial and consistent price movements. However, correlation analysis shows heterogeneous outcomes across firms, with a pooled correlation coefficient of 0.19, suggesting an overall weak association between RSI values and the magnitude of subsequent price changes…
creator: Deepesh Mahajan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 414
ending page: 423

Online Grocery Shopping by the Senior Demographic (60+) in North India: Driving Factors behind Adoption vs. Resistance
type: item
description: The transition to digital grocery shopping has instigated a revolution, allowing orders to be made with a single click. Groceries are a fundamental necessity for every individual, and the senior citizens are no exception to it. Plenty of studies have been published on online grocery shopping where the primary focus is on the behavioural patterns of the younger generation. However, insufficient research has been performed on the behaviour of elderly adults aged 60 and above, hence impacting the adoption of online grocery shopping. The study examines the factors and the barriers affecting the preferences and choices when it comes to selecting the mode of buying groceries—online grocery purchases versus visiting local Kirana stores. The study employs the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to assess the responses of 358 participants from North India. The data collected revealed that around 43 percent of the senior citizens have procured groceries online. Ease of getting delivered at home, ease of accessibility, protection from the Covid-19 outbreak and other communicable diseases (due to their weak immune system), and ten-minute delivery were a few of the motivational factors; however, a majority of the people have again opted for the offline route after the descent of the pandemic. As per this study, the tactile effect of freshly picked items, lower prices, and social engagement with the personal touch of the owners/assistants are the primary reasons for visiting the local grocery stores. The study provides insights to address the resistance posed due to the offline Kirana store shopping of the senior citizens, which can further be catered to by the retailers to increase the popularity of online grocery shopping among this overlooked demographic.
creator: Nishtha Ranjan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 424
ending page: 438
doi: 10.52783/mjble.613

Human-Centred Innovation through Design Thinking for Addressing Cyber Threats, Educational Problems, and Poverty Challenges: An Empirical Study
type: item
description: In an increasingly complex and inter-connected world, organizations and societies face multifaceted challenges such as cyber threats, educational inequalities, and persistent poverty. Traditional problem-solving approaches often fail to address human dimensions of these issues, creating a need for innovative and user-centred solutions. This study examines the role of design thinking as a human-centred innovative approach in addressing cybersecurity challenges, improving educational outcomes, and alleviating poverty. Design thinking emphasises empathy, problem definition, ideation, prototyping, and testing, enabling stakeholders to develop solutions that are both innovative and responsive to needs of the users. The findings reveal that empathy-driven problem identification, collaborative ideation, rapid prototyping and continuous user feedback significantly contribute to the development of effective and sustainable solution. 347 participants were surveyed for the study. The factors studying how Human-Centred Innovation Through Design Thinking for Addressing Cyber Threats, Educational Problems, and Poverty Challenges are Empathy-driven understanding, Problem identification and Definition, Prototyping and Experimentation and Collaborative Participation.
creator: Anand Muley
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 439
ending page: 449
doi: 10.52783/mjble.614

Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Human Resource Management: A Comparative Study of Samsung, Xiaomi, Apple and Vivo
type: item
description: Today, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is set to be the most powerful technology factor behind the digital transformation of industries around the world. Artificial Intelligence has changed the traditional aspect of working in Human Resource Management (HRM) by giving automation, prediction-based analyses, smart decision-making, and a better experience for employees. In fact, companies are now increasingly utilizing AI across recruitment, employee engagement, workforce planning, performance management and retention measures and learning & development. AI has been adopted quickly in the smartphone manufacturing industry; not just in product innovation, but also in internal human resource operations. Currently, giant organizations like Samsung, Xiaomi, Apple and Vivo incorporated AI-powered Technologies to improve productivity by ensuring HR efficiency whilst reducing administrative workload which further supports strategic business decisions. The purpose of this research is to compare the implementation and result of AI-based HR practices in these four multinational corporations. This study, through a descriptive and comparative research design based on secondary data takes stock of AI practices among key HR functions such as recruitment, employee development /training, workforce analytics, performance evaluation and engagement. The results show that despite all four organizations actively leverage AI in their HRM, they do so differently depend on strategic focus, technological maturity and corporate culture. Samsung and Apple have made workforce analytics a priority along with employee development, Xiaomi is emphasizing digital learning and HR automation for its employees in addition to excelling at hiring processes for better recruitment return on investment (RoI), while Vivo places a greater focus on recruitment efficiency as well as employee engagement. However, organizations are still facing challenges associated with algorithmic bias, privacy of employees data, Co…
creator: Mansi Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 450
ending page: 463
doi: 10.52783/mjble.615

An Administrative Insight into Branding in Management Institutions
type: item
description: The article looks at the viewpoint of the Management Institutions Administrators on the branding of management education institutes in six major districts. As the higher education market becomes more competitive, a good brand image is very important to draw students and faculty, get funding, and be a thought leader. This research details the results of a very detailed 100 administrator survey, including the understanding of branding, preferred strategies, and challenges as perceived by the administrators. The research shows that administrators are very aware of the importance of branding, especially in terms of raising the profile of the institution and getting students, but they mainly lack the funds and resources. The paper shows that there is a heavy dependence on the use of digital and social media as a means of brand promotion and communication. This manuscript develops a detailed picture of the administrators' perspective on the branding issue and thus helps institutional leaders figure out ways to raise their brand identity and competitive position.
creator: K. Sivaramana Gouda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 464
ending page: 469
doi: 10.52783/mjble.616

Strategic Prioritization of HRM 4.0 Adoption Barriers: An Integrated ISM and MICMAC Approach for Sustainable Digital Transformation
type: item
description: Purpose- The objective of this study is to explore and examine the most significant challenges to the successful HRM 4.0 implementation in the digital transformation era. Organizations, particularly in developing countries, are grappling with a variety of structural, technological, and behavioral challenges due to the increasing adoption of new technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analytics (data analysis), that are now part of Industry 4.0. The goal of this study is to systematically explore such barriers and to identify interrelationships between them, in order to facilitate effective decision-making and policy-making. Design/Methodology/Approach- The study is designed by a qualitative design, and exploratory type of research, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) combined with MICMAC analysis. A comprehensive literature review (2014-2025) was first performed to find important barriers. Ten key barriers were finalised based on expert validation. A Structural Self-Interaction Matrix (SSIM) was created to establish relationships among the barriers and a reachability matrix was developed, along with the partitioning of the barriers into hierarchical levels. The barriers were also categorized using the MICMAC analysis in terms of driving and dependence powers to prioritize and interpret them strategically. Findings- The study reveals ten significant barriers, such as infrastructure, resistance to new technologies, cyber security, investment costs, data management, lack of digital strategy, economic uncertainty, low technological maturity, lack of skills and job disruption. The lack of infrastructure and resistance to technology are the most influential driving barriers, which in turn may lead to several dependent problems as shown by the ISM model. The barriers identified are more economic, skill related and job disruption in nature. The classification of barriers as driving and dependent barriers is supported by the …
creator: Mayank Chauhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 470
ending page: 485

Entrepreneurial Opportunities and Legal Risk in AI-Driven Businesses: Evidence from the Indian Context
type: item
description: Purpose: India’s burgeoning AI ecosystem tells a dual story of high entrepreneurial opportunity and high legal uncertainty. We propose and empirically validate an integrated conceptual model in India that analyzes the relationships among Entrepreneurial Opportunity (EO), Legal Risk Perception (LR), Government Support (GS), Innovation Intensity (II), and Business Performance (BP) for AI-driven businesses. Design/Methodology: The data utilized is mostly a structured questionnaire collected from 360 AI entrepreneurs, startup founders, innovation managers, and legal professionals from the six major Indian technology hubs including Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Delhi-NCR, Pune, and Chennai. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was conducted using IBM AMOS 26.0. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to validate the measurement model, and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) was used to estimate the structural model. In indirect effects, bootstrapped mediation analysis (5,000 iterations) was conducted. Findings: The results clearly indicate that EO is positively and significantly related to BP (β = 0.312, p < .001) and II (β = 0.389, p < .001). LR has a significant negative effect on BP (β = −0.218, p < .001) and EO (β = −0.143, p < .01). GS is a positive moderator of EO and directly influences BP. II partially mediates the EO–BP relationship. These seven hypotheses are supported. The model performed reasonably well (CFI = 0.953, RMSEA = 0.049, and χ²/df = 2.14). Originality/Value: This is among the first studies to include legal risk perception using an SEM approach for AI entrepreneurship in India, with DPDPA 2023 and the National AI Strategy as references. The results provide practical recommendations for policymakers, legal academics, and entrepreneurs.
creator: Marirajan Murugan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-16
publication date: 2026-07-16
number: 3
starting page: 486
ending page: 495

Sustainable Enterprise Models in Jharkhand: Balancing Profit and Planet
type: item
description: Jharkhand, situated in eastern India, presents a complex development scenario. Though the state is endowed with rich natural resources, over 30% of its land is under forest cover, and Scheduled Tribes make up nearly 26% of its population, it continues to face serious developmental challenges. Jharkhand ranks low on the Human Development Index (HDI), struggling with poor health outcomes, low literacy levels, and widespread livelihood insecurity. Amid these challenges, a number of grassroots initiatives are trying to create a different path—one that blends income generation with ecological responsibility. This paper examines such sustainable enterprise models, relying exclusively on secondary data drawn from government reports, civil society documentation, and academic literature. It focuses on four key sectors: non-timber forest produce (NTFPs), tribal handicrafts, millet-based agroecology, and decentralized renewable energy systems. Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) as a guiding lens, the study evaluates these enterprises in terms of their profitability, environmental impact, and social inclusion, particularly for tribal women. The findings show that while many of these models have potential, their growth is often held back by fragmented policies, lack of convergence across departments, and inadequate institutional support. With the right ecosystem, these models could help Jharkhand move toward a more inclusive, climate-resilient, and self-reliant rural economy.
creator: Tina Murarka
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-16
publication date: 2026-07-16
number: 3
starting page: 496
ending page: 511

Commercial Governance of Football Mega-Events: Destination Branding, Stakeholder Collaboration, and Urban Economic Development
type: item
description: Commercially managed football mega-events are not just sport-based competitions. They have become major platforms for many purposes, including the marketing of destinations, collaboration among stakeholders, and urban economic development. Events like the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Champions League and Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup unite governments, international sports federations, private businesses, investors, tourism organizations, local businesses, and many other participants, creating a commercial ecosystem that will impact the economic future of the host cities. This research study will identify how commercial management of football mega-events facilitates the destination marketing and stakeholder collaboration as well as creates opportunities for entrepreneurial activity, infrastructure investment, and sustained economic development. Using Simon Anholt’s “Competitive Identity” concept, Philip Kotler’s “Place Marketing” theory, R. Edward Freeman’s “Stakeholders Theory” and David Harvey’s “Entrepreneurial Urbanism”, this research will investigate how cooperative governance of public agencies and private enterprises promotes the transformation of urban areas into competitive global commercial destinations. According to this argument, destination branding serves as a strategic governance mechanism via which cities attract investment, compete, stimulate entrepreneurial ecosystems and solidify their place in the global economy. The commercial and institutional relationships that underlie mega football events illustrate that the legacy of these events extends beyond tourism and short-term economic gain; they have the potential to create lasting global competitiveness for cities, innovation within business sectors, and sustainable local economic development. Therefore, this research contributes to current discussions regarding the intersections between commercial governance, destination branding, the collabor…
creator: Abhijit Deb
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-16
publication date: 2026-07-16
number: 3
starting page: 512
ending page: 529

A Comparative Analysis among the Constitution of India and Media Laws to Maintain Checks and Balances in the Light of Freedom of Speech and Expression
type: item
description: Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution protects freedom of speech and expression, and in many ways, it is what keeps the idea of a free press alive in India. It allows people to speak, question, and debate openly things that are absolutely necessary in any working democracy. But this freedom does not come without limits. Article 19(2) steps in to put certain restrictions in place, especially when it comes to how media and press operate, making sure that freedom does not slide into irresponsibility. Over the decades, the laws around media regulation in India have changed quite a bit. The courts have played a major role time and again and the judges have stepped in to push back against censorship and stop the government from overstepping its boundaries. That said, the rise of digital media has thrown up a whole new set of problems that the legal system has not quite caught up with yet. This research paper looks at how constitutional values and media laws interact with each other, and whether India's legal setup manages to protect free expression while also keeping misinformation in check. By going through Supreme Court decisions, various laws, and regulatory frameworks, it tries to map out how media regulation has developed over the years and where the courts and parliament have made a difference. While India’s judiciary has preserved the Article 19(1) in its various landmark decisions, ambiguity in statutory provisions and inconsistencies in enforcement continue to pose significant challenges The study underscores the pressing need for a balanced approach that ensures media accountability without undermining constitutional rights. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the necessity of a well-defined and enforceable legal framework that safeguards journalistic integrity while addressing contemporary challenges. The research advocates for targeted reforms in media laws, strengthened judicial oversight, and increased public awareness to foster a media ecosystem t…
creator: Leena Chhabra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Minnesota Journal of Business Law and Entrepreneurship
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 530
ending page: 537
doi: 10.52783/mjble.631

The Contribution of Emotional Intelligence to Government School Teachers' Increased Teaching Effectiveness
type: item
description: Emotional Intelligence (EI) is more and more diagnosed as a vital aspect in powerful coaching, influencing instructor overall performance, school room management, and pupil engagement. This look at investigates the connection between EI and instructor-student interactions, the usage of empirical records amassed from 100 contributors. The studies employ statistical analysis through SPSS, which include reliability evaluation, descriptive information, correlation, and regression analysis. The outcomes suggest a excessive degree of inner consistency inside the measurement device (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.969), a robust advantageous correlation between EI and teacher-scholar relationships (r = 0.860, p < 0.01), and a full-size predictive relationship (β = zero.860, p < zero.01), confirming that higher EI enhances teachers’ ability to foster significant interactions with School students. Those findings align with preceding literature, highlighting EI as a key determinant of instructor efficacy and student achievement. The have a look at underscores the need for incorporating EI education into teacher education applications and professional development projects. coverage guidelines emphasize the integration of EI-primarily based interventions to enhance trainer well-being, job satisfaction, and pupil learning outcomes. The have a look at contributes to the developing body of research advocating for EI as an important skill for educators, reinforcing its significance in shaping a superb and productive gaining knowledge of surroundings.
creator: Sanober Shaikh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-15
publication date: 2026-07-15
number: 3
starting page: 538
ending page: 546

Entrepreneurial Career and Life Design (ECLD): Theoretical Foundations and Conceptual Distinctions in a Transforming World
type: item
description: Entrepreneurial Career and Life Design (ECLD) is an interdisciplinary approach that combines the concepts of entrepreneurial thinking, Self-authored career and life design with the approach of Design Thinking. The ECLD enables individuals to chart the path of a dynamic and opportunistic career. This chapter defines ECLD by throwing light on the theories to form a conceptual framework, define its relevance in the transforming world and distinguishes it from the traditional approaches of career development. The chapter take the cues from the changing professional landscapes with digital transformation and increased focus on sustainable and mindful lives. ECLD unifies the concepts of narrative career and the entrepreneurial venture creation, enabling to design the career trajectories by combining the self-directed career paths aligned with the entrepreneurial venturing. This chapter offers a comprehensive synthesis of theories and concepts to understand the ECLD as a research construct and as well as a curriculum concept for entrepreneurial and career building framework. By combining the educational psychology, career ladder, entrepreneurial mindset with design thinking approach, ECLD contributes as a strong foundation for the new generation curriculum designing and career innovation. ECLD is encouraging the educationists, researchers and the professionals to think and act beyond the traditional architecture of life and work, encouraging a mindset where career development is accepted as an iterative life project.
creator: Lubna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 547
ending page: 555

Emerging Global Regulatory Frameworks on Corporate Environmental Due Diligence: Implications for Forest Protection in India
type: item
description: Corporate Environmental Due Diligence (CEDD) has emerged as a central component of global sustainability governance, reflecting a transition from voluntary corporate social responsibility initiatives to legally binding obligations on businesses to identify, prevent, mitigate, and account for environmental harms across their value chains. Recent regulatory developments, particularly within the European Union (EU), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and United Nations (UN) frameworks, have significantly expanded corporate responsibilities concerning environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and deforestation-free supply chains. The EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) and the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) represent landmark efforts to impose mandatory environmental due diligence requirements on companies operating in global markets, compelling them to address adverse environmental impacts throughout their supply chains. These emerging frameworks have profound implications for developing countries such as India, whose forestry resources, agricultural commodities, and export-oriented industries are increasingly integrated into global value chains. India faces the dual challenge of promoting economic development while conserving forest ecosystems that support biodiversity, climate regulation, and the livelihoods of millions of forest-dependent communities. The growing emphasis on traceability, sustainability reporting, and deforestation-free sourcing creates both opportunities and challenges for Indian businesses and policymakers. While enhanced due diligence standards may strengthen environmental governance and improve market access for sustainable products, compliance costs, technological requirements, and institutional capacity constraints remain significant concerns. This article critically examines the evolution of global environmental due diligence frameworks, analyzes their legal and policy dimensi…
creator: Vishnupriya Pandey
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-18
publication date: 2026-07-18
number: 3
starting page: 556
ending page: 572

Human Commodification in Dystopian India: Connecting Tribal Displacement with the Body-Market in Manjula Padmanabhan’s Harvest
type: item
description: This paper examines the unity between commodification of human beings, bio capital, and exploitation of the resources, placing the Harvest of Manjula Padmanabhan in socio-political context of the tribal displacement in the present-day India. The dystopian body-market of the play whereby financially disadvantaged people sell their organs and physical services to the wealthy Western beneficiaries is interpreted as the allegorical expansion of the materiality of how the marginalized tribal communities are dispossessed of land, labour and possession of their bodies in the pretext of development and globalization. The paper uses postcolonial, feminist and biopolitical theories that Padmanabhan futuristic narrative exaggerates the power imbalances that exist in the current India neoliberal development plan in which the land is commodified as are human bodies being sold in the bloc markets. The analysis also shows how Harvest reveals the turn of body to be a venue of transaction, surveillance, and discipline, which reflects the lived experiences of displaced tribal populations whose daily experiences are mediated by forced migration, extractive industries and collusion between the states and corporations. The donor receiver machine of the play is a metaphor of the hierarchical order wherein the population of the tribal ends up deprived of control over the physical space and bodily bodies to serve as fungible commodities of a bigger economic engine. Showing the correlations of the dystopian commodification of body integrity with the manifestations in the real world, where people are deprived of their human dignity due to the development paradigm that places global capital in the first place, the paper shows the resonance between the moral and ethical collapse that Padmanabhan criticizes the development paradigm in its entirety. The paper posits that Harvest is not merely the movie that questions the commodification of human body, but it also prefigures the more general soci…
creator: Sanjay Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 573
ending page: 578

Professionalisation of Non-Teaching Staff for Institutional Readiness in Indian HEIs - Strategic Enabler of NEP 2020 Implementation
type: item
description: India's mission of Viksit Bharat @2047 has education at its centre stage for national development. In this context, the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, brings the much-expected transformational shift in the Indian Higher Education system - the blueprint to modernize the Indian education system in a systemic and holistic manner. The transformation focuses on a wide spectrum of reforms to be brought in governance, curriculum, institutional autonomy, etc however its successful implementation rests fundamentally on the strength and preparedness of its human capital – academic leaders, and non-teaching personnel across the entire education system. While most of the focus articulates structural, pedagogical, and regulatory reforms, placing teachers at the centre of the educational reform as highly qualified professionals. In this initiative, the policy includes, mandatory Continuous Professional Development (CPD), Merit-based recruitment, career progression opportunities, increased autonomy to foster an experiential learning and inculcating research environment. Often, the role of Non-Teaching (NT) staff in HEIs is overlooked. There are limitations at policy-level to conceptualize NT staff as the strategic partners in this holistic exercise and connect to the long-term national development goals which are envisaged through NEP 2020 and towards the goal of Viksit Bharat @2047. With this context, the study aims to analyse the administrative capabilities in Indian HEIs i.e, whether the NT staff are being evolved to meet new challenges, professionalising key functions like, academic administration, student support, placements, alumni relations, accreditations, etc., which are essential for an institution to get aligned with NEP 2020 requirements. The study is based on analysis of documents like, NEP 2020, AISHE reports, and NIRF data, academic research papers, etc. The NEP 2020 has still not prioritised HR policies for NT staff. While administration is merely seen a sup…
creator: Soni P. Philip
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-21
publication date: 2026-07-21
number: 3
starting page: 579
ending page: 585

Business Law and Agribusiness Perspectives on Functional Crop Commercialization: A Systematic Review
type: item
description: The biochemically enhanced functional crops have tremendous potential to increase the nutritional security, generate value added agriculture and boost the rural economy in India through commercialization. Notwithstanding these developments, the legal and regulatory framework for agribusiness entrepreneurship is still fragmented among several laws and institutional frameworks, such as food safety law, agricultural marketing law, intellectual property law, environmental governance, consumer protection law and contract farming law. This fragmentation can make it difficult for entrepreneurs, Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs), agribusiness startups, and others interested in the commercialization of innovative agricultural products to comply. In this study, a systematic review of the literature is conducted, based on both a doctrinal and policy-analysis perspective, of existing legal and regulatory mechanisms with regard to the commercialisation of functional crops. The review is a synthesis of evidence on food safety governance, biofortification policies, value chain management, entrepreneurial ecosystems, digital traceability, and institutional support to highlight the key obstacles in food safety laws and governance to support sustainable agribusiness development. The results show that despite the various policy measures already taken to encourage innovation and entrepreneurship in agriculture, Indian agriculture is not having an integrated regulatory environment that is restricting market access, compliance complexity, and functional crop enterprises' commercial scalability. Given these results, a Legal–Agribusiness Commercialization Framework is proposed, which integrates all components of regulatory compliance, governance of food safety, coordination of the value chain, support for entrepreneurs and management of innovation in a single policy perspective. This review connects business law to agribusiness development and sustainable commercialization and offers pr…
creator: V. Kalaiselvan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 586
ending page: 595

Prioritizing Critical Barriers and Success Enablers of Women-Led MSMEs: An Integrative Review using a Hybrid Fuzzy AHP–Text Mining Framework
type: item
description: The rise of women-led Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) marks a transformative shift in the global entrepreneurial ecosystem. However, these ventures often grapple with persistent challenges that impede their growth and long-term sustainability. This integrative review aims to systematically examine the key barriers and enablers influencing the success of women entrepreneurs in the MSME sector. Adopting a hybrid methodological approach, the study combines Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and Term Occurrence Analysis to synthesize insights from existing literature and prioritize critical factors. The review draws on diverse scholarly articles, reports, and empirical studies to identify recurring themes such as limited access to finance, socio-cultural restrictions, inadequate policy support, and digital skill gaps. Simultaneously, it highlights success enablers like government initiatives, capacity-building programs, and supportive networks. The Fuzzy AHP model facilitates a structured ranking of these factors based on expert evaluations, offering a nuanced understanding of their relative impact. The findings provide valuable directions for policymakers, support institutions, and researchers to develop inclusive strategies that empower women entrepreneurs and drive equitable growth in the MSME sector.
creator: S. Suganya
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-03
publication date: 2026-07-03
number: 3
starting page: 596
ending page: 606

Performance Evaluation of Selected Indian Public Sector Banks: An Extended Balanced Scorecard Approach
type: item
description: This study used the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) concept developed by Kaplan and Norton (1992). The empirical study evaluated the performance of three selected public sector banks in India, namely Canara Bank (CB), Union Bank of India (UBI), and UCO Bank, using an extended Balanced Scorecard framework comprising Financial, Customer, Internal Business Process, Learning and Growth, and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) perspectives. Further, profitability of these banks during the period from 2016–2025 was measured in terms of Return on Assets (RoA) and Return on Equity (RoE). In addition, this paper examined the relationship between profitability and variables of the BSC framework using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed variations in the performance of the selected banks across the different perspectives of the BSC framework. Correlation analysis disclosed statistically significant relationships of GP, GII, TANB and GNMT with RoA, while CIR, GII, TANB, ITAR, GNMT and RPSATA exhibited significant relationships with RoE. The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that GP and TANB had a significant positive influence on RoA, whereas GNMT exhibited a negative influence. The model explained 65.1 per cent of the variation in RoA. For RoE, the selected BSC variables jointly explained 63.7 per cent of the variation, although none of the individual variables emerged as statistically significant predictors at the 5 per cent level. The findings indicate that profitability of public sector banks is influenced not only by financial measures but also by customer, internal business process, learning and growth, and ESG dimensions. Therefore, the adoption of an extended BSC framework provides a comprehensive approach for evaluating bank performance and identifying the key drivers of profitability.
creator: Chandan L.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 607
ending page: 626

Employee Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in the Banking Sector
type: item
description: As organizations in the Indian banking sector struggle to enhance employee commitment and promote voluntary workplace behaviours, employee resilience has appeared as an important factor. This research investigates the impacts of employee resilience on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). And examines the mediating role of Employee Engagement (EE) in associate between Employee Resilience (R) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). Data were collected from 216 banking employees across Chennai, Trichy, Madurai, Coimbatore, and Bangalore using a well-structured questionnaire. PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares-based Structural Equation Modeling) was utilized for the analysis. The results show that Employee Resilience (R) significantly and positively influences both Employee Engagement (EE) and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). And Employee Engagement partially mediates between Employee Resilience and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). The study findings have managerial implications; banking sector managers can implement resilience building programs and engagement enhancing strategies to cultivate a citizenship oriented, committed, and adaptable workforce, ultimately improving organizational performance and work culture.
creator: Paul David A J
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 627
ending page: 640

AI-Driven Digital Marketing and Sustainable Entrepreneurship: A Multi-Dimensional Entrepreneurial Learning Framework
type: item
description: Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming digital marketing practices and creating new opportunities for entrepreneurial ventures to engage customers and generate market insights. At the same time, entrepreneurs face growing pressure to balance economic performance with social and environmental sustainability. Despite these developments, existing research remains fragmented, with limited integration between AI-driven marketing capabilities, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, customer engagement, and sustainable value creation. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework explaining how AI-driven digital marketing capabilities contribute to sustainable entrepreneurial growth through a dynamic entrepreneurial learning process. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a conceptual research design that integrates insights from digital marketing, entrepreneurship, and sustainability literature. Building on theories of customer engagement, opportunity recognition, resource-based view, and dynamic capabilities, the study develops a multi-dimensional conceptual framework. The framework conceptualizes entrepreneurship as a dynamic learning system in which AI-driven digital marketing capabilities generate data-driven marketing intelligence, support entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, enhance customer engagement, and contribute to entrepreneurial competitive advantage and sustainable value creation. Findings: The study proposes a multi-stage entrepreneurial learning framework linking AI-driven digital marketing capability, data-driven marketing intelligence, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, customer engagement, competitive advantage, and sustainable value creation. The model suggests that AI-enabled marketing technologies enhance entrepreneurs’ ability to interpret market signals and identify opportunities. These opportunities facilitate stronger customer engagement, which generates relational and informational assets such…
creator: Smita Poi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 641
ending page: 660

Educational Environment and Entrepreneurial Intention among Arts and Science Students in Kerala: An Empirical Structural Equation Modelling Analysis
type: item
description: Scholarly focus has progressively shifted towards Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) to elucidate how Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) cultivate commercial acumen and innovative thinking among students. This study aims to assess the influence of the Educational Ecosystem (EE)—characterized as the academic integration of coursework and the strategic alignment of institutional objectives to facilitate commercial inquiry—on the entrepreneurial ambitions of college students in Kerala, India. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Entrepreneurship Education Theory (EET), this study utilizes an explanatory-confirmatory approach, collecting data from a structured questionnaire distributed to 540 participants from both government and non-government colleges. The study utilized a pre-designed set of questions. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software, employing Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The data obtained from CFA showed that the construct validity was strong (CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.952, and RMSEA = 0.037), while the data obtained from the SEM showed that factors that influenced entrepreneurial intention include integrating the curriculum (β = 0.920, p <0.001), support infrastructure for entrepreneurs (β = 0.382, p <0.001), and leadership and visions (β =0.903, p <0.001). The overall Educational Environment construct achieved satisfactory convergent validity (AVE = 0.708), high composite reliability (CR = 0.877), and acceptable discriminant validity (0.841), indicating strong construct adequacy. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the critical role that supporting educational environments inculcate in cultivating innovation-driven entrepreneurial spirit in the youth within the emerging economy.
creator: Antony Vacko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 661
ending page: 675

The Structural Evolution and Strategic Determinants of Medical Value Travel (MVT) in Emerging Economies: Evidence from India
type: item
description: Purpose: This study examines the structural evolution of Medical Value Travel (MVT) in India and identifies the strategic factors that strengthen the country's competitiveness in the global healthcare market. The research focuses on the role of policy reforms, digital health infrastructure, institutional pluralism, and regional healthcare decentralization in shaping India's MVT ecosystem. Methodology: The study adopts a qualitative research design based on secondary data analysis. Information was collected from government reports, policy documents, healthcare databases, international medical tourism reports, and published academic literature. The analysis is guided by the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) frameworks to evaluate the institutional and strategic determinants influencing medical value travel. Findings: The study finds that India's competitive advantage extends beyond affordable treatment costs to include integrated healthcare services, digital transformation, supportive government policies, and the emergence of Tier-2 healthcare clusters. The convergence of modern tertiary care with AYUSH systems further enhances patient value by promoting comprehensive and preventive healthcare services. Originality/Value: The paper presents a holistic framework for understanding India's evolving MVT ecosystem and offers policy insights to improve global competitiveness and ensure sustainable growth in international healthcare services.
creator: Bairavi. G
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 676
ending page: 687
doi: 10.52783/mjble.652

Regulatory Promoter Lock-in Reforms and IPO Underpricing: Evidence from the Indian Primary Market
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of promoter lock-in reforms on IPO underpricing in the Indian primary market, focusing on information asymmetry and ownership structure. Using a cross-sectional sample of 364 IPOs following the 2021 SEBI reform, the study applies OLS regression with interaction effects. The findings reveal that lock-in reforms do not have a statistically significant effect on IPO underpricing, and their impact does not vary with information asymmetry or promoter holding. In contrast, firm size emerges as a significant determinant, with larger firms experiencing lower underpricing, supporting the information asymmetry perspective. The results suggest that IPO pricing in India is driven more by firm-specific fundamentals and market dynamics than by regulatory lock-in provisions. This study contributes to the literature by offering early empirical evidence on regulatory lock-in reforms in an emerging market context.
creator: K. S. Ajaykumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 688
ending page: 695
doi: 10.52783/mjble.653

Artificial Intelligence and Its Role in Building Sustainable Business Models
type: item
description: This study delves into the importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in helping Indian businesses move towards greener and more sustainable practices. It aims at understanding the role of AI in the development and implementation of green business strategies in India, analyzing specific case studies from India where AI has helped in optimizing the usage of resources and reducing the environmental impact, identifying key performance indicators (KPIs) for monitoring sustainability outcome from AI, and identifying challenges in the adoption of AI and giving responsible solution to such challenges and providing practical guidelines to policy makers and business leaders in India interested in implementing sustainable development through the use of artificial intelligence.The study was a combination of both quantitative and qualitative and comprised of market information, deep interviews with key experts in the Indian industries (manufacturing, energy, logistics and agriculture), and a structured questionnaire that was given to 50 key experts. More than 60% of the companies surveyed are already using AI to help achieve their sustainability goals, with AI tools for the circular economy, predictive maintenance and logistics optimization being among the most common uses. Research has shown that implementing AI tools can not only boost efficiency and reduce carbon emissions, but it can be directly associated with a positive change in these areas. In addition to revenue opportunities from circular business models, businesses with more advanced AI projects also say they have seen a decrease in their carbon footprint with reductions ranging from 26% to 40%, and an average of 48% increase in resource efficiency. But the research also identifies business challenges such as lack of expertise, ethical and governance issues and data infrastructure gaps in many businesses. The study recommends the need for specific incentives for the responsible use of AI, strengthening governance pro…
creator: Shivani Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 696
ending page: 711

From Consumption to Experience: A Bibliometric Study of Minimalism in Shaping Tourist Behaviour
type: item
description: The growing importance of sustainability and environmental awareness positioned the minimalism paradigm in the tourism industry. Nowadays, travelers seek a clutter-free, peaceful journey, away from materialistic, fast tourism and its façade. This makes it essential to understand the intellectual theory and structure of minimalism. This study examines how the ideology of minimalism influences tourist behaviour and shapes the itineraries of tourism research. A bibliometric analysis of scholarly publications on minimalism and tourism from the Scopus database (2006 to mid-2026) was conducted on 10 June (N=392 articles). This study identifies themes, the most influential authors, the most impactful journals, and the leading countries using performance analysis and science mapping techniques. The finding reveals the interrelated patterns among sustainable consumption, slow tourism, mindful travel, well-being, happiness, and tourist behaviour. This study further explores the emergence of new themes, such as ecotourism, voluntary simplicity, detox tourism, well-being, happiness, and responsible tourist behaviour. Existing study themes related to destination sustainability, tourist satisfaction, and values have evolved within the minimalist framework over time. This study also illustrates how minimalist values encourage tourists to experience nature rather than material possessions and to engage with local culture and destinations. By applying the ideology of minimalism to tourism, this research provided insight into how it shapes tourists' behaviour and guides their decisions. As people shift from a consumer-centric to an experience-centric approach, minimalism offers a valuable framework for promoting responsible, slow tourism.
creator: Kiran Malik, Divya Malhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 712
ending page: 727
doi: 10.52783/mjble.658

Influence of Social Media Micro-Influencers on Gen-Z Purchase Decisions: A Cross-Sectional Empirical Analysis
type: item
description: This study investigates the structural impact of social media micro-influencers (10,000–100,000 followers) on the purchase decisions of Generation Z (Gen-Z) consumers. Grounded in Source Credibility Theory and Parasocial Interaction (PSI) Theory, this paper develops a conceptual framework that explores how micro-influencer attributes—specifically perceived authenticity, homophily (perceived similarity), and niche expertise—affect downstream purchase intentions, mediated by the strength of parasocial relationships and consumer trust. Employing a cross-sectional empirical research design, primary data was gathered via a structured survey from a targeted sample of Gen-Z digital natives (N = 412) who actively engage with micro-influencer content across platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to validate the measurement scales and test the proposed hypotheses. The empirical results demonstrate that perceived authenticity and homophily exert a powerful, statistically significant indirect effect on purchase decisions, strongly mediated by parasocial interaction and trust. Interestingly, while niche expertise directly impacts trust, its standalone direct effect on purchase decisions is heavily diluted compared to the overwhelming influence of relational authenticity. The paper concludes with an actionable strategic framework for modern digital marketers seeking to optimize influencer spend, noting that for the value-driven Gen-Z cohort, peer-like relational proximity consistently outperforms overt corporate advertising.
creator: Ved Prakash
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 728
ending page: 735

Enhancing Organizational Success through Employee Training and Development: An Evaluation of their Contribution to the Achievement of Organizational Objectives
type: item
description: Successful companies understand the importance of training and developing their employees. Manufacturing environments that are increasingly competitive and volatile forces companies to use training and development to continually improve their employees’ productivity and skills in order to remain competitive and improve the effectiveness of their organization. The relationship between employee training, employee development, and the accomplishment of organizational goals will be the focus of this study. This study used a quantitative cross-sectional analysis. Primary data were collected from both public and private sector employees using an online survey. From the online survey, 189 usable surveys were collected using the convenience sampling methodology. The data collected were analysed using SPSS. The analysis included descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The analysis of the data collected indicated that there was a positive correlation between organizational success and employee training and development. Additionally, employee training and development plays a significant role in the accomplishment of the goals of an organization. This indicates that the companies that invest in the development of their employees are more likely to achieve their performance goals and their strategic goals. The study also offers both the human resource and organizational behaviour database knowledge with the empirical data supporting the strategic role of employee training and development in the improvement of an organization. Practically speaking, the findings suggest incorporating training and development initiatives into strategic management, undertaking periodic training needs assessments, and encouraging ongoing learning and assessment of training within a framework oriented towards the maximization of performance at the organizational level and the successful attainment of the objectives of the organization.
creator: Shivani Raina
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 736
ending page: 746
doi: 10.52783/mjble.661

Power Dynamics in Professional Communication: An English Studies Perspective on Corporate and Legal Discourse
type: item
description: Professional communication in corporate and legal settings is not a neutral exchange of information but a site in which institutional power is continuously enacted, negotiated, and contested through language choice. Drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), politeness theory, and genre analysis, this paper examines how power asymmetries between organizational actors, managers and subordinates, lawyers and clients, institutions and lay participants, are constructed and sustained through specific linguistic resources including modality, directive speech acts, hedging, turn-taking control, and lexical formality. The study synthesizes findings from corpus-based workplace discourse research, courtroom interaction analysis, and organizational communication studies to compare how power is linguistically indexed across corporate meeting talk, corporate email correspondence, and legal-institutional discourse (courtroom examination and legal documentation). A comparative methodology is described using discourse-analytic coding of directive strength, politeness strategy selection following Brown and Levinson's face-management framework, and genre-based structural analysis following Bhatia's move-structure approach, applied to workplace discourse corpora and courtroom transcript studies. Reported findings indicate that corporate power is more frequently encoded through indirectness, mitigated directives, and collaborative pronoun use that preserves an appearance of consensus, whereas legal-institutional power is more frequently encoded through direct control of turn allocation, restrictive questioning formats, and specialized register that limits lay participants' interpretive agency. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for professional communication training, plain-language legal reform, and the broader theoretical understanding of how institutional power operates through, rather than merely alongside, language.
creator: E. Kamatchi Muthulakshmi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 747
ending page: 757

Consumer Trust in AI-Generated Advertising in the Digitally Driven World: An Empirical Study
type: item
description: The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the digital advertisement landscape by enabling businesses to create highly personalized, automated and data-driven advertisements. AI-generate advertising utilizes machine learning, natural language processing, predictive analytics, and generative AI-tools to develop content that aligns with consumer preferences and behaviors. While these technologies improve advertising efficiency and customer engagement, they also raise important concerns regarding transparency, authenticity, privacy and ethical use of consumer data, all of which significantly influence customer trust in AI-generated advertising within the digitally driven world. The study investigates the impact of perceived transparency, personalization, credibility, privacy protection, perceived usefulness, and ethical AI practices on customer’s trust and their intention to engage with AI-generated advertisements. A sample of 363 was collected to find the result. The factors impacting “Consumer Trust in AI-Generated Advertising in The Digitally Driven World” are Transparency, Personalization, Credibility and Privacy and Data security.
creator: Lalit Kumar Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 758
ending page: 767

GST: An Unraveling Force towards India’s Ex-Im
type: item
description: Goods and Services Tax (GST) establishes in India with a soft corner on exports by treating export supply as zero rated supply. On the other hand, imports are treated as inter-state supply under GST regime. The total exports in India have grown by 76.5 percent in seven years of GST. The revenue collection under this tax system on imports has multiplied by 2.5 times in the past seven years. The government also refunded the Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST) collected on exports to the sum of ₹1.06 lakh crore between July 2023 and June 2024. This research article examines tax on intra & inter-state supply and tax on domestic & import supply to understand the trend of imports under GST regime. The refund of IGST & Input Tax Credit (ITC) on exported goods are analyzed to examine the trend of export in India. Later, this research article examines the overall imports and exports of India under Pre and Post GST. This new tax system acts as a catalyst for the development of cross border transactions and resilience to the climate changes happening in the globe. It can also evident that the fluctuation in exports and imports are occurs due to COVID – 19 pandemic, geo-political issues, global depression, heavy inflation etc.,. This research article also laid down few difficulties faced by importers and exporters whilst complying with GST law.
creator: S. Sairam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 768
ending page: 777

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Health Micro-Insurance on Healthcare Access and Financial Risk among BPL Households
type: item
description: Health micro-insurance has become a crucial tool for enhancing health care access and financial protection for poor-income families. The effect of health micro-insurance on the access to health care and financial risk on Below Poverty Line (BPL) households in Bangalore Rural District has been investigated through an empirical study. A descriptive and analytical research design was employed with primary data being gathered from the BPL households of 400 respondents, which were distributed on a structured questionnaire. The results indicate that health micro-insurance (HMI) substantially improves access to health care services, lowers medical debts, and boosts financial protection against health risks. Awareness was also cited as an important determinant of enrolment and utilization of insurance schemes. The results can help direct policy recommendations for the strengthening of HMI programmes in this population group to achieve greater effectiveness, accessibility and outreach.
creator: Vivek Pimplapure
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 778
ending page: 786
doi: 10.52783/mjble.667

Consumer Purchase Behaviour for Fashion Products through E-Tailing: An Empirical Study in Bangalore City
type: item
description: The rapid growth of electronic retailing (e-tailing) has significantly transformed the fashion industry by changing the way consumers search, evaluate, and purchase fashion products. Bangalore City, known for its technologically advanced population and high internet penetration, has emerged as one of India's leading markets for online fashion retail. This study examines consumer purchase behaviour towards fashion products through e-tailing platforms in Bangalore City. It investigates the influence of factors such as product quality, price competitiveness, brand reputation, website usability, promotional offers, customer reviews, secure payment options, and delivery services on consumers' online purchasing decisions. The study also explores the impact of demographic characteristics and digital shopping preferences on purchase behaviour. A quantitative research approach using a structured questionnaire is proposed to collect primary data from consumers who regularly purchase fashion products online. Statistical techniques such as percentage analysis, chi-square test, correlation, and regression analysis can be employed to examine the relationships among the variables. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights for online fashion retailers in enhancing customer satisfaction, improving shopping experiences, and strengthening consumer loyalty. Furthermore, the study contributes to the existing literature on e-commerce and consumer behaviour by offering practical recommendations for developing effective marketing strategies in the highly competitive online fashion industry.
creator: V. Gayathri
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 787
ending page: 795

From Debate to Law in Gendered Workspaces: Evaluating the Imperative for Menstrual Leave Legislation in India
type: item
description: Author John Gray in his famous book uses the metaphor “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus” to highlight how fundamentally different men and women are in terms of biology, communication styles, emotional needs, and ways of thinking. It is important to acknowledge the beautiful distinction between the two binaries. One such distinction that requires acknowledgment in our society's socio legal framework is mensuration. Particularly in the workplace, gender equality is a crucial issue and a crucial component of fundamental human rights. The unique difficulties that women encounter, such as menstruation and menopause, are frequently ignored by the legal framework. As legislators, businesses, and civil society struggle to incorporate gender-responsive workplace practices within the current legislative framework, the conversation on menstrual leave in India has received fresh attention. The lack of a continuous statutory obligation has led to fragmented access and uneven protections for menstruation individuals in the workforce, notwithstanding intermittent policy measures and organizational-level practices. This research paper critically assesses the current menstrual leave policy debate and looks at how it relates to public health concerns, socio legal framework and constitutional safeguards. The paper contends that in order to advance employment fairness, protect reproductive health, and guarantee real gender justice, policy-level discussions must give way to legally binding statutes. The paper also tracks the development of menstruation leave on a global scale, from early legislative efforts in nations like South Korea, Japan, and Indonesia to more recent changes in Europe and corporate-driven policies across the globe. The paper further provides an analysis of how India has been trying to give recognition to Menstrual Leaves in the form of state level recognition as well as some Indian companies providing Menstrual Leaves to their employees. The paper concludes w…
creator: Ankita Kumar Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 796
ending page: 807

Awareness and Adoption of Green Banking Services among Consumers: Evidence from Selected Commercial Banks in Tiruchirappalli District
type: item
description: Green banking has emerged as a sustainable approach adopted by financial institutions to minimize environmental degradation while promoting digital and paperless banking services. Commercial banks have introduced various green banking initiatives, including internet banking, mobile banking, e-statements, digital payments, green loans, energy-efficient branches, and environmentally responsible banking operations. Despite these initiatives, the level of consumer awareness and adoption varies due to differences in digital literacy, environmental consciousness, trust, accessibility, and perceived usefulness. This study examines the awareness and adoption of green banking services among consumers in selected commercial banks in Tiruchirappalli District. The study aims to assess consumers' knowledge of green banking initiatives, identify the factors influencing their adoption, and evaluate the relationship between awareness and usage behaviour. A structured questionnaire was administered to customers of selected commercial banks, and quantitative analysis was employed to interpret the collected data. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into customer perceptions, adoption patterns, and barriers to the effective utilization of green banking services. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on sustainable banking by offering practical recommendations for banks to enhance customer awareness, improve digital service delivery, and encourage environmentally responsible financial behaviour. Ultimately, the research supports the advancement of sustainable banking practices and India's transition toward a greener financial ecosystem.
creator: R. Vasanthi, S. Bhawiya Roopaa
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 808
ending page: 818

AI-Driven Personalization and Customer Purchase intentions of Health Insurance in Delhi NCR region
type: item
description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a technology that has significantly changed the insurance industry by allowing personalized customer experiences, predictive analytics, and automated decision-making processes. Personalization in the Health Insurance industry by use of AI enables insurance companies to provide customised policy offers, dynamic pricing models, and automated claims services, depending on the profile and behavioural information of their customers. This paper focuses on the importance of AI-based personalization in influencing customers purchasing behaviours towards Health Insurance in the Delhi National Capital Region (Delhi NCR). Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the various theories of trust, the article discusses the correlation between AI personalization and perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, customer trust, privacy issues, and intention to purchase Health Insurance. The proposed research design is based on a quantitative study based on survey data that was collected with Health Insurance consumers in the Delhi NCR, and the data is to be analysed with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings indicate that the positive effect of AI-based personalization enhances consumer purchasing intentions through the improvement of perceived utility, development of trust in digital insurance providers, and simplified policy selection processes. But these relationships may be moderated by privacy issues and perceived risks of using the personal data. The paper contributes on the application of AI in the insurance services and provides strategic guidance to insurance companies who want to use AI technologies to enhance customer interaction at the time of Underwriting and Claims. The adoption of AI will ultimately increase insurance penetration in Indian market by providing seamless and integrated insurance offerings enabled with technologies.
creator: Dhrub Ranjan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 819
ending page: 830

The Mediating Role of GHRM Practices in the Relationship between Employee Engagement and Company’s Culture in Energy Sector in India
type: item
description: The current research investigates whether Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices are able to mediate between employee engagement and corporate culture in the Indian energy sector. The purpose of this study is to understand how environmentally friendly human resource practices support employees' commitment and help in the creation of a positive corporate culture. A structured survey was used to collect primary data from 385 employees from both public and private energy companies. Descriptive statistics, correlation, regression analysis, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were all used to analyse the data using both SPSS and AMOS. The findings indicate that GHRM practices have a strong positive effect on both employee engagement and corporate culture. Results from the correlation and regression analyses reveal very strong relationships among variables, while the SEM analysis suggests that employee engagement only partially mediates the association of GHRM practices with corporate culture. Furthermore, the model fit statistics indicate that the proposed model fits the data well enough to be useful as a tool for analysis. This study suggests that GHRM practices can enhance employee commitment, improve the work culture and further support sustainability goals in the Indian energy sector; therefore, this research represents a significant contribution towards the development of higher standards in sustainable human resource Management among HR managers, policy makers, and business leaders looking to make sustainability part of their human resource management practices.
creator: Anand Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 831
ending page: 854

Ticking the Right Strategy: Effects of High-Pressure Vs. Consultative Advertising on Consumer Trust and Purchase Intention in the Indian Watch Market
type: item
description: Purpose: Digital marketing has made advertising loud and aggressive especially with tactics that create a sense of urgency like limited time deals and discounts. When it comes to luxury items this approach does not always work well. This study looks at a way of doing things: do people respond better to pressure or to stories and history when it comes to luxury watches like the Seiko Presage. This study presents an empirical within-subjects experimental investigation into how these two contrasting advertising styles influence consumer purchase intention, brand trust, and perceived luxury value in the Indian watch market context. Design/Methodology/Approach- Two professionally designed digital advertisement mockups for the Seiko Presage — Ad A (high-pressure, discount-led) and Ad B (consultative, heritage-led) — were systematically exposed to a sample of N = 180 Indian respondents. Data were collected via a structured Likert-scale survey instrument administered through Google Forms. Findings- Statistical analyses comprising paired-samples t-tests and Cohen's d effect size calculations revealed that consultative advertising (Ad B) significantly outperformed high-pressure advertising (Ad A) across all three dependent variables: purchase intention (t(179) = 4.37, p < .001, d = 1.03), brand trust (t(179) = 3.90, p = .001, d = 0.92), and perceived luxury value (t(179) = 5.33, p < .001, d = 1.26).These results align with Psychological Reactance Theory (Brehm, 1966) and the theoretical framework of Relationship Marketing, suggesting that coercive advertising triggers resistance and brand dilution in high-involvement luxury purchase contexts. The findings offer actionable strategic implications for luxury brand managers navigating the digital advertising landscape in emerging markets such as India. Originality/Value- This study contributes to the luxury marketing literature by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of contrasting digital advertising strategies in a…
creator: Rekha Chatare
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-10
publication date: 2026-07-10
number: 3
starting page: 855
ending page: 867

The ‘Make in India’ Initiative: A Mediation Analysis of Training Quality, Youth Readiness, and self-reliant Enterprise Potential Rationale
type: item
description: This study examines how government led skill development programs, central to India’s Make in India initiative, foster entrepreneurial potential among youth. Moving beyond prior research that emphasized employability outcomes, this paper investigates the mediating role of Skills & Readiness—a construct encompassing technical competence and self efficacy—in linking training quality to self reliant enterprise potential. Using a quantitative, cross sectional survey of 188 program participants, training quality was conceptualized as a higher order formative construct comprising relevance, delivery quality, support infrastructure, and post training support. The results, derived from Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM), confirm that training quality exerts both a direct effect on enterprise potential and an indirect effect through Skills & Readiness, establishing a partial mediation mechanism. Among the formative indicators, relevance of training content emerged as the strongest contributor, underscoring the importance of aligning curricula with industry needs. These findings provide empirical support for Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior by demonstrating that entrepreneurial outcomes are shaped not only by technical inputs but also by psychological readiness and perceived behavioral control. The study contributes to entrepreneurship and policy literature by evidencing the dual pathway—direct and mediated—through which training influences enterprise potential in a policy driven context. Practically, the results suggest that national skill initiatives should prioritize curriculum industry alignment, trainer competence, infrastructure investment, and structured post training support. By adopting a holistic approach that integrates both capability building and mindset development, policymakers can better transform India’s youth from job seekers into job creators.
creator: Anjinappa G
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-07-15
publication date: 2026-07-15
number: 3
starting page: 868
ending page: 882